System Thinking

System thinking is a complex element, which implies how one of the systems’ parts influences the other essential constituents of the system (Meadows, 2008). Moreover, it is evident that system thinking is a core contributor to the cultivation of the learning organization (Senge, 1990).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on System Thinking specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In this instance, I understand that the small issues on the lower levels affect the performance of the organization, and considering them remains a necessity for the organizational performance of the whole organization. The system thinking allows avoiding adverse consequences and improving company’s sustainability. As for the interludes, Meadows uses them to emphasize the significance of the existing problems since the system thinking might affect the original purpose of the objects and activities (2008). I claim that this technique remai ns efficient, as it helps understand that one small event can contribute to the changes of the purposes and structure of the whole organization with the assistance of the case scenarios. I consider the interlude the Blind Men and the Matter of the Elephant as the most applicable in the context of my organization, as sometimes people have a tendency to see particular parts of the enterprise only and are not able to interrelate them to each other systematically. The system has to be considered as a composite body, which functions as one organism. Sometimes change is essentiality due to the alteration of the flow of the events in the marketplace (Wilson Ralston, 2006). Moreover, understanding that the modifications in the flow of the routine processes might be the case of the changes to the performance of the organization. In this instance, the maintenance and sufficient monitoring of the stages remains an essentiality (Harvard Business School Press and the Society for Human Resource Management, 2006). Lastly, taking into account the organization as a sophisticated mechanism leads to the optimization of all processes, as they lead to the common goal. Apple is one of the examples of the companies, which utilize system thinking as a primary strategy for the innovation and product development. Application of this technique was essential for the business’ sustainability. It is evident that system thinking causes alteration to the initial routine stages (Case, 2010). As taking into account the specific steps, it is apparent that I consider these processes necessary, as the flow of the events, especially, if they contribute to the achievement of the common goal.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More However, it is evident that they are done automatically since they are considered as routine activities. In this instance, any changes might be a potential reason for the development of uncertainty, as the flow of the events will be modified. In this case, the alternative actions have to be considered as a possibility since they will contribute to the development of the understanding that alterations are a necessity to improve the quality of the processes. As for the ‘aha’ moment, the vehement implementation of the system thinking as a global phenomenon, as all of the business entities, institutions, and so on are interdependent (Mark Alpert, 2010). The global orientation of the system thinking is surprising. It emphasizes the presence of the world as a complex functioning system, which consists of co-dependent elements. Nonetheless, in conclusion, system thinking is an essentiality, as it contributes to the positive changes in the organization. Moreover, it has to be considered on the global level, as the complexity of the world cannot be underestimated. It is evident that one part of the mechanism can highly change the flow of the events. It is apparent that the effect will be dramatic since one small alteration leads to the development of the different movement of events and adjustments in the everyday actions. References [Case]. (2010, June 10). â€Å"Systems thinking, complexity theory and management† by David C. Aron, M.D., M.S. [Video File]. Web. Harvard Business School Press and the Society for Human Resource Management (2006). The essentials of strategy. Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Publishing. [Mark Alpert]. (2010, Aug. 13). Peter Senge: 2010 systems thinking in action conference preview. [Video File]. Meadows, D. (2008). Thinking in systems: A primer. White River Junction, VT: Chelsea Green Publishing.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on System Thinking specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Senge, P. (1990). The fifth discipline: The art and practice of the learning organization. New York, NY: Crown Publishing Group. Wi lson, I., Ralston, W. (2006). The scenario planning handbook. Mason, OH: Thomson/South-Western. This essay on System Thinking was written and submitted by user Allison H. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Novo Nordisk and Ypsomed Selfcare Solutions

Novo Nordisk and Ypsomed Selfcare Solutions Novo Nordisk, a pharmaceutical company founded in Denmark in 1923, has been a pioneer of innovative insulin delivery methods for the treatment of diabetes with brand names Levomir‚Â ® (an injection pen that uses a pre-filled, replaceable insulin cartridge) and AERx‚Â ® (an insulin inhalant). While Novo Nordisk continues to be the world leader in diabetes treatment, the company has expanded into other areas of research and development including human growth hormone and hemostatic products in their biopharmaceuticals. Biopharmaceuticals is the method of developing products by biological process rather than chemical process often utilizing recombinant DNA, or DNA that is a combination of two or more organisms (Exploratorium, 2006).Ypsomed Selfcare Solutions, a company based in Burgdorf, Switzerland, was established in 2003 as a result of the split of the Burgdorf-based Disetronic Groups and is also involved in the medical appliances and equipment industry. Ypsomed is involved in the development and manufacture of custom-made injection pens and compatible pen needles for the administration of self-injection solutions by patients (Ypsomed Selfcare Solutions, 2003-2006).Novo Nordisk Kalundborg 20130729_003The company's products can be used for a variety of applications and therapies such as insulin therapy, growth hormone therapy, and osteoporosis and blood glucose monitoring. Ypsomed currently distributes its products primarily in Europe, but expect their market to grow worldwide due to the dramatic increase in diabetes cases.PriceWaterhouseCoopers is the auditor of records for these two companies (Ypsomed Annual Report, 2005 and Novo Nordisk Annual Report, 2005).Novo Nordisk Financial Data-2005 Annual ReportNovo Nordisk was the first Scandinavian company to be quoted on the New York Stock Exchange, and is now an international company with representation in 69 countries (Wikipedia, 2005). The 2005 annual report states the company had a turnover of DKK 33.8 billion, or approximately 4.5 billion EUR (X-rates, 2006). Total sales for diabetes...

Department of Homeland Security Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Department of Homeland Security - Essay Example And a final review shows the successes and failures for the past, present and future of the DHS. Keywords: DHS, OIG, CRS, ACE, GAO. Department of Homeland Security Its Establishment, The Organization, Then and Now 2002 – 2013 Introduction: â€Å"Our nation is stronger than it was on 9/11, more prepared to confront evolving threats, and more resilient in the face of our continued challenges.† (Napolitano, 2011). It has been a decade since the attacks on September 11, 2001. Our nation lost nearly 3,000 innocent men, women and children as well as citizens from more than 90 countries. In the wake of the attack, America has become even stronger and resilient; however, threats still persist. We have overcome challenges in the past decade, but more strides need to be made to guard our nation against other large attacks or natural disasters on our own soil.(DHS.gov, 2012). We have come to realize that it is not only the responsibility of our government to maintain security but it is a shared responsibility of each American. The Federal government has partnered with government, the public and private sectors in communities across our country and other nations to strengthen the DHS’s infrastructure. This large security endeavor works to defend against threats, minimize risks, and maximize our response so that we may recover quickly from any attacks or differing disasters. (DHS.gov, 2012). The vision, â€Å"Preserving our freedoms, protecting America..we secure our homeland.† (Napolitano, 2013). Establishment, Breakdown and Purpose: Immediately after the 9/11 attacks President Bush took authoritative action to assure protection for America. In the document of June 2002 he established the White House Office of Homeland Security and the Homeland Security Council to assure that our federal response and protective actions would be effective in the future. He appointed Tom Ridge as Homeland Security Advisor to study the federal government and determ ine if what we have now would be sufficient to deal with a current threat. He was also instructed to evaluate the system as far as future threats and anything unknown. (Bush, 2002). The study determined that since 9/11 information learned about the enemy while fighting a war required more unification in the homeland security division. (Bush, 2002). The organization would focus on four specific and efficient divisions. 1. Border and transportation security would cover borders, transportation systems and territorial waters. Responsibilities of the Coast Guard, Customs, Immigration, Border Patrol, and the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service of the Department of Agriculture would all be under this division. The newly formed Transportation Security Administration would cover all entries into the United States. This security measure assured that border control and visas were held in a central information-sharing database. (Bush, 2002). 2. Emergency preparedness and response focused on training for domestic disaster preparedness of first responders and communication with the government disaster response efforts. FEMA would become a central division of the DHS.

Customers Role in the Service Encounter Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Customers Role in the Service Encounter - Essay Example Standard Industry Classification System. The first one is the goods-producing sector and the second one is the service-producing sector. The goods-producing sector includes agriculture, forestry, and fishing; mining; construction; and manufacturing. The service-producing sector includes the divisions of transportation, communications, and utilities, wholesale and retail trade, finance, insurance, real estate, public administration and other services. In other words, the service sector can be termed as hospitality sector (Simmering, 2006). Today's customers have more power than ever before. This is mainly because of the fact that a single product or service is provided by several agencies. As a result of this competition, customers have more than enough choices. They have high-quality alternatives, greater access to information, and the unprecedented ability to compare brands. It can be said that power has shifted from producers to consumers. For example, it a person decides to buy a car with specific model, colour, and interiors in his mind and approaches a showroom that does not have that model, he would look for another showroom. But if the seller is good at selling, he may convince the customer to either change his choice by giving a better option at competitive price or buy some time from the customer to deliver the exact model. Consumer Consumerism has changed the out look of hospitality sector. Recent years has witnessed the intense competition in the hospitality sector. This sector need to excel is customer service not only to retain existing customers, but also to attract new customers. To thrive in the ever increasing competition, today hospitality sector needs to aim for process excellence (vfirst.com, N.D.). For example, if a customer decides to have food from a restaurant, he first decides on what type of food he would like to have it may be Chinese, Indian or any other. The next question that comes to his mind is which Chinese or Indian restaurant he would go Based on his past experience, he takes the decision mainly based on the quality of food and the service that he got in previous instances. Today, service industries are facing challenges as they are only as good as their last customer transaction or touch-point. As customers compare value and tale decisions at a much faster rate due to easy accessibility to information, this sector must live up to their promises. Irrespective of the type of market, the reasons a customer chooses a particular brand may not be the same tomorrow. Hence it becomes even more difficult to have and maintain customers. As a result of these challenges, nothing is more important than understanding customer behaviour. Knowing what leads to a customer's choice allows the company to make better business decisions, develop effective marketing strategies, and hold the attention of the customers. There are only a few companies that consistently live up to their brand promises and have large customer base. And these companies are the ones who benefit from the rewards of repeat business and customers who are advocates for their products and services (Maritz research, 2005). It is important for a service oriented company to understand what differentiates their companies from others and must understand the needs of the consumers in their markets. These two ingredients are the key to develop a

Tort Assignment 2 Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Tort 2 - Assignment Example y have different types of compensation schemes and laws for injured employees, but they are all intended to guard against the negative consequences of inability to earn an income caused by injury. Most industrialised states are exhibiting a renewed interest in their systems of personal injury litigation, which can be viewed as an inclination towards responding to personal injury through legal redress. For example, in the United Kingdom, there is the Workers Compensation Act, of which the entire Part 3 and several provisions of Part 1 are applicable to occupational safety and health (IIDB, 2014). Sections of Part 4 are applicable to safety and health decisions appeals. Therefore, workers’ compensation is a scheme where employers must either pay or provide insurance that will pay medical expenses and lost wages of workers who get injured while performing their jobs. This paper will show that Tom, Dick and Harry have different rights and compensation levels from a dry cleaner the y worked for before being retired on health grounds after developing different diseases caused by a chemical they used at work. Under the Workers’ Compensation Act, an employer is defined as anyone with one or more workers who work for them in an industry by either a hiring or apprenticeship contract which is implied, expressed, oral or written. On the other hand, a worker is defined from multiple perspectives, but the most suitable in the case of Tom, Dick and Harry would be anyone under apprenticeship or contract of service whether implied, expressed, oral or written. Tort law defines a duty of care as a legal obligation owed by an individual to others, whereby a reasonable standard of care must be exercised while performing acts that are potentially harmful (Bagshaw & McBride, 2008). It also requires that the harm must be foreseeable. In the case of Squeakyclean, the company had known for 10 years that Blastoff, a chemical fluid used in the process of dry cleaning, causes a

Role of Mass Media in Earthquakes

Role of Mass Media in Earthquakes Lai Yuen Yau Choi Kiu Lok Kelly Chu Wing Yan Chu Lok Yin Law Shun Hei Introduction As we humans are living on Earth, natural disasters like earthquake are seemingly inevitable. We can only make our greatest possible effort to minimize the loss in human lives and properties brought by the disaster. According to Haddow Haddow (2008),â€Å"Communication is core to the success of disaster mitigation, preparedness, response and recovery. The media remains the single most effective means for communicating timely and accurate information to the public.† It seems that the mass media has a great contribution in reducing the adverse effect of natural disasters. Therefore, it aroused our curiosity towards the roles that mass media take during disasters, and we will focus on recent earthquakes. In our report, we would like to investigate on the roles and functions of the mass media, namely newspaper, radio, television and new media during earthquake in three phrases: Mitigation Preparedness, Response and Recovery. Besides, we would like to look into the relationship between mass media and earthquake. Definition of mass media Before introducing the roles mass media took during earthquake, it is better for us to define mass media. Since mass media facilitates mass communication, Baran et al. (2004) suggested that communication refers to a reciprocal and ongoing process of creating shared meaning. People create meanings by encoding and decoding messages. The encoded message is carried to the target audience through a medium. If the medium does not only carry the messages to an individual but a large number of people, it is regarded as a mass medium. Newspapers, television broadcasting, radio and new media such as the Internet, Facebook, Weibo, and Twitter are common examples of new media. They all have their own characteristics and fulfill different roles of the mass media during earthquake. Most people’s first heard of a disaster will be through the mass media. (Harrison, 1999) Characteristics of different mass media 1) Printed Newspaper Although printed newspaper lack immediacy, according to Harrison (1999), newspaper still owns the physical advantage that people can hold it in their hands and read it over and over again. It can provide more detailed description of the incident with words and pictures. Moreover, printed newspaper can be kept as references. 2) Television Television has a several roles during an earthquake. Fry (n.d.) suggested that television is â€Å"a purveyor of information, a storyteller and sometimes an agent of change.† Before the disaster approached, television news can give out warnings or vital information of the disaster to the people. By featuring vivid images and videos in the television news, it on one hand informs the people, but on the other it draws connections with the audience. It evokes their emotions and arouses their attention towards the earthquake. (Fry, n.d.) Besides, Television is often used as a platform to raise fund for the victims. 3) Radio Radio still plays a unique role. It can immediately inform a large number of people in vehicles and at home. Unlike newspaper, one doesn’t have to listen to the radio literately. It is inexpensive to own a radio receiver. The poor can also afford owning it. Moreover, radio receivers are portable and do not rely on electric power supply. Therefore, if the earthquake cut down the electrical supply, the victims are able to obtain the newest information through radio. Radio is being regarded as a one-chance medium that audience may easily miss out the message brought by the radio. (Harrison, 1999) However, by repeating the of importance message, reinforcement effect is resulted. 4) New Media New media is often regarded as media that is related to the Internet and the interplay between technology, images and sound (Socha Eber-Schmid, n.d.). Facebook, Twitter, Weibo are common examples of the new media. They have the highest immediacy among the media. People can quickly post information or spread messages on the Internet if earthquakes suddenly occurs. Since anybody can share their views or comments and post photos to the Internet, information on the Internet may not be reliable. Some of them may be rumors. Mitigation and Preparedness In this phase, it is important to send preparedness messages to notice the public in anticipation of the coming earthquake through different forms of technologies and media, in order to reduce the maximum loss of life and property. In most countries, such as the United States and Japan, billions of money is invested in researching and developing an earthquake early warning system. It uses seismic networks to detect earthquake very quickly, so that advance announcement and warning signals can be sent before the arrival of destructive seismic waves to evacuate general public. It aims at mitigating earthquake-related damages by allowing people to have more time to take immediate protective action after the warning signs (Earthquake Early Warning System, 2012) . Also it triggers automatic responses to safeguard critical infrastructure such as providing time for moving trains to slow down and stop; opening elevator doors, stopping landings and take-offs of flight at the airport. Take the example of 2011 Tohoku earthquake and tsunami. When earthquake occurred, Earthquake Early Warning (EEW) system (Kinkyu Jishin Sokuho) activated instantly. This is an Earthquake Early Warning. Please prepare for powerful tremors. Immediate warning alert like this was announced immediately in the affected regions. It also informed the public whether there would be a risk of a landslide or tsunami caused by the quake in the affected area. When tsunami warnings were issued, it activated an Emergency Warning Broadcast system which automatically turned on all the radios and televisions in the warned areas. Announcements are then broadcasted in different languages to reach a wide range of people including the tourists in the district. During this phase, radio broadcasting plays an effective role. The specific chime tone from FM stations is automatically detected internally and turns on the radio and sounds a chime tone and EEW message to people for careful attention and wake up people in bed by a very loud sound before any destructive shaking occurs. Radios, as a traditional media, are very common and easy to access. EEW radio waves can reach remote areas and can be received in areas where no broadband internet is available. The general public can therefore listen to the announcement even with limited electrical power, from anywhere and with groups. Mobile Networks Warning System In modern days, mobile phone networks maybe a better medium to send mass warning message to the general public, as most people will have cell phones by their sides. In Japan, in addition to media broadcasting, cell broadcasting is also another way to warn the public. With sophisticated communication technology, it allows millions of early warning text messages to be sent simultaneously to individual cell phones (Earth Systems group of companies, 2012). After 2007, it is mandatory for Japanese mobile phone manufacturers and mobile network service providers to support EEW early warning notification in their phones and services. And NTT docomo, au (KDDI and Okinawa Cellular) and SoftBank Mobile, have developed the simultaneous broadcast systems conforming Cell Broadcast to receive EEW and provided phones with this service since 2007 (NTT docomo, 2007). Response According to Haddow Haddow (2009), â€Å"the primary purpose of communications activities in a disaster response is to provide accurate and timely information to the public.† It provides notification, warning evacuation and situation reports on the ongoing disaster to the public. It also aims to describe what has happened and is happening in the aftermath of a disaster event; what impact the disaster event has had on individuals, the community, and the physical landscape and what is being done by the various organizations responding to the disaster to help the prone parties to recover. Newspaper Newspaper has a lower priority compared to television and radio, so it cannot provide live reports to the readers; instead, it gives in-depth and detailed reports from different perspectives on what has happened and is happening after the disaster. It is involved in the â€Å"response† phrase, providing first-hand detailed reports about the disaster. Reporters were sent to the disaster areas, to reveal the rescue condition after the disaster, and how is the on-going rescue progress. Take example of a news article from Reuters, dated 12 May 2008, â€Å"China quake kills nearly 10,000 in Sichuan†. It provides confirmed and official information regarding the 2008 Sichuan Earthquake, like the estimated death toll and the destruction of the facilities. Readers can get the first-hand information about the disaster and how the authority handle the case and settle the victims. Another article on 2008 Sichuan Earthquake from NBC News, dated 13 May 2008 also focuses on the number of casualties, entitled â€Å"Massive quake kills nearly 10,000 in China†. Despite reporting the seriousness of the disaster, this article also looks into the impacts from different angles, giving sub-headings ranging from â€Å"thousands of students buried†, â€Å"panda refuge threatened†, â€Å"worldwide condolences† and â€Å"advice for the trapped†. The detailed description of the disaster shows the characteristics of newspaper reporting, and gives a full impression to the readers on the quake. Opinions from different parties and victims were also reported, as well as the immediate influences brought by the quake to other cities. Likewise, in the 2011 Tohoku Earthquake, similar ways of reporting appeared immediately after the quake happened. A news article from CBC News, dated 11 March 2011, entitled â€Å"Japan quake, tsunami cause ‘major damage’† reported on this most powerful earthquake in Japan’s recorded history, which struck off the country’s northeast coast.The destruction and damage caused by the quake was also revealed in the report, in which the nuclear power plant issue caught the attention from the whole world, yet, it wasn’t confirmed as nuclear leakage at that time. Even the International Atomic Energy Agency said that there was no radiation detected at that time. New Media New media’s role in the phrase of response is to provide immediate background information and latest situation of earthquake to the public. The background information mainly includes the time, the venue, the magnitude of the earthquake and the immediate effects. 1)  Social media Social media together with Internet perform vital relief functions such as safety identification, warning evacuation, displaced-persons locating and damage information. For example, the transportation arrangement due to road damage in an earthquake. Social Networking sites like Facebook and Twitter are facilitators to wide currency of news. As they are public social media platforms, which people can see what their friends followed, liked, commented or shared if the user does not intentionally set it in private. Hence, the flow of information is encouraged. People share their first-hand experience or second-hand information on those social networking sites. For example in Twitter, there are specific users who keep updating information during earthquake. Like the twitter account â€Å"à ¥Ã…“ °Ãƒ ©Ã…“†¡Ãƒ ©Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¸Ãƒ ¥Ã‚  Ã‚ ± ( @eew_jp)†, having more than 76.9 thousands followers, is the offical account of the Japan Meteorological Agency. For example, on March 11, the day of 2011 Tohoku Earthquake happened, more than 25 updates posting any preliminary earthquake forecast or any lastest earthquake were recorded. During the emergent situation, important informations were spreaded in the tweets to notify the public of the time, the venue and the magnitude of the earthquakes. Another example is Facebook. There were more than 4.5 million status updates from 3.8 million users in the 2011 Tohoku Earthquake. News, reports and prayers were shared on the day the 8.9-magnitude earthquake struck the coast of Japan. (Kessler, 2011) 2) Internet Internet also contributes in the phrase of response in an earthquake. In 2011 Tohoku Earthquake, different news agencies had made updates on the internet. NHK news network should be the fastest one in updating news. In addition to the photos taken by people on the scene, the website showed images of news reports on television, as well as images expressing condolences to people affected by the attack. Recovery As Haddow Haddow (2009) points out, the focus of communication efforts in the recovery phrase of a disaster is on providing timely information about the types of relief assistance available to the individuals and communities victimized by the disaster and how they can access this assistance. Therefore, reports on relief measures and after-quake work are focused in this phrase. Besides, the role of monitoring is also shown here. When more and more information are collected, reporters or audience could keep an eye on the authority during the disaster. Anything hiding or misleading could then be pointed out and exposed to the public. In short term, a fast recovery of radio system and frequent reports of earthquake situations in newspapers keep local citizens updated about the destruction and other information about the earthquake. Media can also help raise the international concerns about the earthquake hence gaining more international help for recuse work as well as immediate financial support. For example, international citizens offered financial assistance to Japan Tohoku earthquake victims and recovery work. After media reported the massive destruction during the earthquake, UNICEF responded by setting up a team called â€Å"Japan Commmittee for UNICEF; Emergency Relief and Reconstruction Support†. Next, in terms of long-term roles, media can keep people updated about reconstruction work and also point out problems during reconstruction. Newspaper and various reports can act as an alarm to remind people about the recent situation of the severely destructed areas while some people forgets about the recovery work of the earthquake. For example, Xinhua News Agency reminds the public about the Sichuan earthquake that took place in 2008. Xinhua News published an article to raise the attention of the public about the current recovery problems of an earthquake that took place six years ago. Media guides people to reflect about the problems remained after a serious earthquake, which is a prolonged problem. Another example is 2011 Tohoku Earthquake, in which Huffington Post (American online newspaper) reports about where were people’s donation gone on an anniversary of the earthquake. The newspaper article also provided alternatives of how people could still help after the earthq uake. Newspaper During the â€Å"recovery† phrase, sources of detailed information concerning relief programs and how to apply are contained in the newspaper. Besides, newspaper reporters gave in-depth reflection on the disaster. There were also reports on epidemic prevention, settling victims and analyzing the disaster. At the same time, there are more designated topics focusing on specific angle about the disaster. For example, in BBC News dated 9 May 2013, â€Å"Sichuan 2008: A disaster on an immense scale†, it summarizes the statistics of the massive destruction in the earthquake and its effect brought. Another news roundup about the earthquake was written by Sina News, featuring a set of articles on recovery work and stories of the victims. Headings like â€Å"Village old woman after 28 days of quake: Struggling between living and dying alone are reporting touching stories of the survivors. Others like â€Å"No serious epidemic broke out in the quake area† reports the after-quake cases. As time passes by, many â€Å"truths† during and after the earthquake are exposed. In 2011 Tohoku Earthquake, the Japanese government were hiding the nuclear power plant leakage accident. Radio Radio is always an important source for communication during and after earthquakes. When disastrous earthquakes occur, radio systems are very likely to be disrupted. Emergency restoration of two-way radios and radio receivers will usually be conducted in order to facilitate and speed up the recovery process. Besides from emergency restoration of radio and broadcasting systems, licenses will also be granted to temporary FM radio stations established by various local authorities. Take 2011 Tohoku Earthquake as an example, Tohoku Bureau of Telecommunications granted temporary broadcasting licenses to let local authorities help spreading information and community notices to the victims in the earthquake. Radio stations can obtain licenses within shorter period of time, and it is easier for the public to obtain information, such as the number of deaths and injuries or methods to make donations after the disastrous situations.

Free Essays on Whartons Ethan Frome: Unselfish and Stupid Ethan :: Ethan Frome Essays

Unselfish and Stupid Ethan Frome Ethan Frome was an unselfish man, he looked out for the interests of others and acted to serve them rather than himself. Though this attitude is normally considered a wonderful characteristic it proved to be Ethan Frome's undoing. All of Ethan's troubles were a direct result of his unselfishness and strict moral standards. The life that Ethan lived, the plot of the story, could have been drastically changed, and most likely changed for the better had Ethan considered the effects of his actions and decisions upon himself. Ethan was an intelligent man, he had high dreams for himself as an engineer, and he wanted to have a life away from the ceaseless drudgery of life in Starksville. When his mother died leaving Zeena without a place to go, Ethan, being the kind man he was, offered to marry her because he felt obligated to do so. This decision however shut out his hopes for a better life. In order for Ethan to get an education he must have money. In order for Ethan to get money he must sell the farm. And with a new wife to take care of he could not possibly manage it. Ethan's decision to marry Zeena had fettered his social mobility and had brought about the backlash of Zeena's discontent. Ethan further brought on the wrath of Zeena when he chose to get involved with Mattie. Ethan cared a great deal for Mattie and didn't' want Zeena to take her from him. Because Mattie was not well suited to be a maid and frequently made mistakes Ethan would help her with her chores. Ethan also comforted her and tried to hide her shortcomings from Zeena. However his efforts to help Mattie ended up hurting him. Zeena was most definitely aware of Ethan's fondness of Mattie; she insinuated this when she locked Ethan and Mattie out of the house. Besides helping Mattie with her chores Ethan stood up for her and stood up for her in front of Zeena. When the cat broke the pickle dish when Zeena was away at seeing a doctor Ethan went out of his way to try to cover it up. He concocted a plan to buy some glue and put the dish back together so that Zeena wouldn't notice. When that plan failed and Zeena found the broken dish, Ethan was willing to take the blame instead of Mattie.

Athanasius Biography Essay

Athanasius is counted as one of the four great doctors of the church in the Roman Catholic church as well as one of the great doctors of the church in Eastern Orthodoxy where he is also labeled the Father of Orthodoxy. He is also celebrated by many Protestant who label him as Father of the Canon, Athanasius is venerated as Christian saint whose feast day is May 2 in western community. May 5 is the Coptic orthodox church and January 18 is the other Eastern orthodox churches.St. Athanasius was born in the city of Alexandria or possibly the nearby Nile delta town of Damanhur, California 296-298. It is speculated that his parents were wealthy enough to afford giving him an esteemed secular learning. He came from a Christian family despite accounts to the contrary as in his writings, he tells more than once of an aunt. who taught him some principles of the Christian faith, and a father who did the same as well as mentioning (once), his mother doing the same. He has a Christian brother and later in his life is one of his exiles, he hid in his father’s tomb in what appears to be describe as a Christian cemetery.He knew Greeks and he admits to not knowing Hebrew. The old testament he quotes frequently came from the Septuagint Greek translation his knowledge of the old testament is limited to the Septuagint. He was able to write a letter in exile with no access to a copy of the scriptures and quote from a memory verse in the old testament. The combination of scriptural study and a Greek learning was characteristic of the famous Alexandrian school of element, origin Dionysius and Theognostus. It was from St. Alexander of Alexandria.Bishop of Alexandria 312-328 himself an Origenist that St. Athanasius received his main instruction. His earliest work against heathens – on the Incarnation, bears traces of origenist, Alexandrian thought but in an orthodox way. The Alexandria of his boyhood was an epitome, intellectually, morally and politically of the ethnically diverse Greco Roman World. St. Athanasius seems to have been brought early in life under the immediate supervision of the ecclesiastical authorities of his native city.He was ordained deacon by the contemporary patriarch Alexandria. In 319-325, he served as a Alexander’s secretary at the first council of Nicaea, already recognized theologian and ascetic. He was the devious choice to replace alexander as the Patriarch of Alexandria on the latter’s dealth in 328. Despite the opposition of the followers of the Arius and Meletius of Lycopolis. Athanasius spent the first five years of his patriarchate visiting the churches of his territory which at that time included all of Egypt and Libya. During this period he established contacts with the hermits and monks of the dessert including Pachomius. Athanasius became occupied with the disputes with Byzantine Empire and Arians which occupy much of his life. Athanasius first problem lay with the meletians who had failed to abide by the terms of the decision made at the first council of Nicaea which had hoped to reunite them with the church. Athanasius himself was accused of mistreating Arians and the followers of Meletius of Lycopolis. On the death of Emperor Constantine I, Athanasius was allowed to return to his see of Alexandria shortly after Constantine son. The new Roman Emperor Constantius II renewed the order for Athanasius banishment in 338. Athanasius went to Rome where he was under the protection of constans, the Emperor of the West. Pope Julius wrote the supporters of Arius strongly urging the rein-statement of Athanasius but the effort proved to be in vain.He called a synod in Rome in the year 341 to address the matter and at that meeting, Athanasius found to be innocent of all the charges raised against him. Julius also called the council of sardica in 343. This council confirmed the decision of the earlier Roman synod and clearly indicated that the participants saw St. Athanasius as the lawful patriarch of Alexandria.Athanasius to return to Alexandria, Athanasius return was welcomed by majority of the people of Egypt who had come to view him as a National Hero. During the time Athanasius assembled several documents relating to his exiles and returns from Exile in the Apology against the Arians, however upon constans dealth a civil was broke which left constantius as sole Emperor, renewing his previous policies favoring the Arians that banished Athanasius from Alexandria again. Athanasius left for upper Egypt, where he stayed in several monasteries and other houses. He computed his work Four Orations against the Arians and depended his recent conduct in the apology to Constantius and Apology for his flight. Athanasius received about the persecution of Non Arians by the New Arians, Bishop George of Laodicea prompted Athanasius to write his more Emotional History of the Arians in which he describe Constantius as precursor of the anti-Christ. Athanasius work include his two part against the Heathen. The Incarnation of the word of God. They contribute the first classic work of developed orthodox Theology. In the first part, Athanasius attacks several pagan practices and beliefs. The second part presents teaching on the redemption, Also in these books put forward the belief that the Son of God, the eternal word through whom God created the world entered that world in human form to lead men back into the harmony from which they had earlier fall men. His other important works include his letters to Serapion which dealth with the divinity of the Holy Spirit and his classic life of Saint Anthony which was translated into several languages and played an important role in the spreading of the ascetic ideal in Eastern and Western Christianity. He also wrote several works of Biblical Exegesis primarily of volumes in the old testament which are preserved in excerpts regarding the Book of Genesis, The Song of Solomon and Psalms. His works as ascetic include the aforementioned life of Saint Anthony as well as a discourse on virginity, a short work on love and self –control and a treatise on sickness and health which is only preserved in fragments. Athanasius letters include one letter concerning the decrees of the council of Nicaea (De Decretis) which is an account of the preceding’s of that council and another letter in year 367 which was the first known listings of the New Testament. Athanaius anticipates future controversies in defense of the humanity of Christ. Athanasius was not a speculative Theologian as he stated in his first letters to Serapion he held unto the tradition teaching and faith proclaimed by the apostles and guarded by the Father’s. He held that not only was the Son of God consubstantial with the father but so was the Holy Spirit which had a great deal of influenced in the development of latter doctrines regarding the trinity Veneration. Arian Controversy In about 319 when Athanasius was a deacon a presbyter named Arius came into direct conflict with Alexander of Alexandria. It appears that Arius reproached Alexander for what he felt misguided or heretical teachings being taught by the bishop. Arius Theological views appear to have been firmly rooted in Alexandrian Christianity and his Christological views were certainly not radical at all. He embraced a sub ordinationist Christology that God did not have a beginning but the logos did heavily influenced by Alexandrian thinkers like origen which was a common Christological view in Alexandria at that time. Support for Arius from powerful bishops like Elisebios of Caesaria and Eusebio’s of Nicomedia, further illustrates how Arius sub ordinationist Christology was shared by other Christians in the Empire. Arius was subsequent by excommunicated by alexander and he would begin to visit the support of many bishops who agreed with his position. Athanasius succeeded Alexander as bishop of Alexandria as a result rises and falls of Arianism ‘s influence after the first council of nicae, emperor Constantine banished from alexandrea, but he was restored after the death of Constantine I. Athanasius was restored on at least five separate occasions, perhaps as many as seven, this gave rise to the expression Athanasius contramundun or Athanasius against the world. he spent his final years repairing all the damage done during the earlier years of violence, dissent and exile and returning to his writing and preaching undisturbed on May 373 having consecrated peter II . one of his presbyters as his successor . Athanasius died quietly in his home. Quotes from St. Athanasius He said: â€Å"Jesus that I know as my redeemer cannot be less than God. at the council of nicae Both from the confession of the evil spirits and from the daily witnesses of his works. It is manifest them and let none presume to doubt it that its savior has raised his own body and that he is very Son of God having his being God as from a Father, whose word and wisdom and whose power He is. He it is who in these latter days assumed a body for the salvation of us all. and thought the world concerning the Father, He it is who destroyed death and freely graced us all with incorruption through the promise of the resurrection, having raised His own body as its first fruits and displayed it by the sign of the cross as the monument to his victory over death and its corruption. New Testament canon St. Athanasius is also the first person to identify the same 27 books of the new testament that are in use today , up until then various similar list of works to be read in churches were in use A canon of New testament book is his Easter letter from Alexandria written in 367 usually referred to as his 39th Festal letter, A Synod in hippo in 393 repeated Athanasius and Damascus New testament list( without the Epistles to the Hebrews and a synod in cartage in 397 repeated Athanasius and Damascus complete new testament list.

Snakehead Hype essays

Snakehead Hype essays The snakehead fish should not be completely prohibited. I believe it would be better to restrict it than completely banned. The media is using this small story and blowing it way out of proportion. They are taking advantage of the fact that most of the United States knows very little or nothing about fish, let alone snakeheads. With the media hyping up this story that forces the government take have to take action. So with the war on terrorism and the problems on Wall Street, the United States decides to declare war on the snakehead. I agree that the snakehead fish is a danger to our ecosystem, and if there are too many in the wild, they could extinguish lots of our native species because they have no natural predators here. If so, say the alarmists, we've got cause to worry. The snakehead can exceed 3 ft. in length and will eat pretty much anything that can fit into its jaws. What's more, the Patuxent River is only 75 yds away, and the fishwith an air sac in its digestive system that allows it to absorb oxygen, and the ability to flop its way across small stretches of muddy landcould soon wriggle into the nation's waterways. It is true that the snakehead fish can live on land for a short while, but it prefers not to. Snakeheads are nothing more than common swamp fish. In Southeast Asia, where they originate, they live in irrigation ditches and rice paddies, thriving there until the dry season, when their pools shrink and they squirm along to the next pocket of water. Such clumsy locomotion does not lend itse lf to wanderlust, and snakeheads in a good pond are likely to stay there forever. "Snakeheads are extremely lazy and sedentary," says Hawaii biologist Ron Weidenbach. Nor do they much care for airat least not the way they're said to. Reports had it that they can live on land for up to three days, but the best they usually seem to manage is several hours under wet burlap in open ...

Marriage and Aging essays

Marriage and Aging essays A big aspect in keeping a marriage successful is how much communication occurs between the two people involved. For a healthy relationship there is a need for quite a bit of communication. Communication, as stated in class, is one of the key elements to a successful marriage. There has to be some open discussions and trust in the relationship to make it anywhere. If you can not talk to your partner you will not be able to solve problems in a healthy manner. You have to be able to tell your partner things to help you learn and mature with them. You have to learn how to compromise and help each other out. Communication has to be part of your relationship in some way. You cannot go through your life not talking to your partner about important issues that you should be able to talk to them about. Another important issue discussed in class was homosexuals and marriage. Homosexual marriage is an important issue because it deals with a relatively large minority of the United States. This issue is important today with respect to many different ideas. There are so many ideas of morals, family values, and those of equality, constitutionality, and right to privacy. The aspect with the most relevance is constantly left up to debate. Homosexuals are 'gay' due to a combination of factors. These factors are environment and society-the outside influences- and genetics. Hence, homosexuals do not decide their own sexuality, nor do heterosexuals. Therefore, homosexuals should have the same rights as heterosexuals, one of these rights being marriage. This is why it is of great importance to public policy whether or not homosexuality is predetermined. I am not homosexual and I am not writing this to defend homosexuals. I just believe that the whole issue is unfair towards homosexuals. Marriage goes beyond the benefits, however. The institution of marriage is a very respected one, and holds much senti ...

Financial Reporting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Financial Reporting - Essay Example InterContinental Hotels primarily listed on the London Stock exchange and is a constituent of the FTSE 100 Index. It is secondary listed on the New York Stock Exchange. This report is concerned with the performance of the group in the last Accounting period, 2011. Therefore, performance analysis will compare results of 2011 with those of 2010. We will also analyze segmental information of the group by comparing 2011 results with 2010 results. 1.1 Analysis of segmental information In this analysis, we will consider two segments in IHG which are the business segments and the geographical segments (IHG Annual report 2011). Geographical segments include America, Europe, great China, AMEA and Central. You find that IHGs target market is in the developed markets and the emerging markets. As discussed earlier, IHG has four business segments with regard to the percentage of control. They include the Franchised, managed, owned and leased and central parts of the business. a. Revenue Looking a t the 2011 financial report, there was no significant change in the percentage of revenue contribution by each business segment. The percentage of revenue contribution by franchised part of the business remained the same at 34% compared with year 2010. For the owned and leased segment, revenue contribution dropped by 2% from 35% in 2010 to 33% in 2011. ... From the analysis, most of the revenue has been realized in the franchised part of the business. This is because it majority of the hotels have been franchised, approximately over 3900 hotels. In the case of the geographical segments, the percentage of revenue contribution in America dropped by 3%, that is from 50 percent in 2010 to 47 percent in 2011. In Europe, there was 23 percent revenue contribution and 20 percent in 2010. There was no significant change in AMEA as the percentage of revenue contribution declined by one percent. In 2011, there was 12% revenue contribution and 13% in 2010. The same applies to china as there was little change in revenue contribution percentage. It only increased by 1%, from 11 percent in 2010 to 12 percent in 2011. The central region experienced no changes at all in revenue contribution percentage as it remained at 6 percent. America contributes the highest percentage of revenue since it has over 3.4 million rooms of which 1.3 million rooms are bra nded and has a market share of 64% in the industry. Other geographical segments such as AMEA lie in between. China on the contrary indicates growth opportunity as it seems that the market has not been fully tapped, and no barriers of entry exist (IHG Annual report 2011). In addition, there is a strong economic growth in china. b. Operating profits margin including Exceptional Items In the geographical segment, America has the best performance, then AMEA and Great China. Europe has the lowest performance with regard to operating profits including exceptional items. In 2011, , there was a 9%, 10% and 3% increase in operating profit including exceptional items in America, AMEA and Great China respectively. Europe experienced a drop by 6% that is from 22 percent in 2010 to 16 percent in

How does the picture of the Catilinarian conspiracy differ between Essay

How does the picture of the Catilinarian conspiracy differ between Cicero and Sallust To what do you attribute these differences - Essay Example But the plot was unearthed followed by the execution of five conspirators, and this revelation compelled Catiline to escape from Rome. Many historians and political experts of the age have presented vivid accounts of Catiline’s life and his famous conspiracy. But of all these, the accounts put forward by Cicero and Sallust stand out in terms of their vivid details, eloquent language and authenticity of information. Marcus Tullius Cicero  was one of the greatest philosophers and prose writers of Rome. Apart from his accomplishments in the sphere of oration and his career as a lawyer, one of his major achievements was his political career. It was in the course of his political career as a consul that the  Second Catilinarian Conspiracy occurred. However, the  attempt to overthrow the Roman government through an external attack was foiled and the ensuing revolt was supressed at that time largely due to the efforts of Cicero. Subsequently, he acquired a Senatus Consultum Ultimum and delivered four fervent speeches against Catiline for his treachery against the Republic. These speeches, collectively known as the Catiline Orations, are classified as rare specimens of an extraordinary rhetorical style. The speeches revealed the truth about the depravity and corruption practised by Catiline and his followers, while denouncing them for extending their support and sympathy to a treacherous rogue l ike Catiline. The acerbic and sardonic tone of the speeches was effective enough to drive Catiline and his followers out of the city. The speech was delivered at the Temple of Jupiter Stator, and was directly addressed to Catiline. The rhetoric was so powerful that Catiline was forced to leave the senate midway during the course of Cicero’s speech. The subsequent speeches, that yielded more evidence against Catiline, were addressed to the people and the senate. Cicero’s first speech was relatively short and precise. It was remarkable for its opening remarks